Contrails 101

Lesson 1 of 5: What Are Contrails?

What Are Contrails?

Contrails (short for "condensation trails") are line-shaped clouds that form behind aircraft flying at high altitudes. They're made of ice crystals—the same material that makes up natural cirrus clouds.

When you see a white trail stretching across the sky behind an airplane, you're watching water vapor from the engine exhaust freeze almost instantly in the extremely cold air at cruising altitude.

Contrail Formation

Hot exhaust meets cold airIce crystals form
đź’ˇ Key Point
Contrails are essentially human-made clouds. The same physics that creates natural clouds also creates contrails—just triggered by aircraft instead of weather patterns.